JANUARY-2018

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2018

JANUARY 2018/ Vol.21.0/ Issue-I 

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CATEGORY : Research Topic on Medical Science

SL.No. Detailed information of the published article
 1 TITLE NAME: Stimulatory Procedures of Brain in Treatment of Addiction. 
Author’s Name : Dr. Anil Batta
Article Type : ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE 
Country from : INDIA
Date of Publication:  05-02-2018
Journal Name : Advance Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Discoveries [ ISSN : 2456-1045 ]
Article Identification : Vol. 21.0/
Chapter-I/Page – 01-04 [ JANUARY-2017 ISSUE ]
Article Code : MDS-V21-I1-C1-JAN2018 
Status : Officially published
Publisher : International Journal Foundation  
Download: Full Article (pdf) 
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Abstract The saying once an addict always an addict is one that many people believe is true, but this does not always have to be the case. Drug addiction does not mean that your life is ruined, or that you will always be an addict. If you have a problem with drugs or alcohol you do not have to just learn to live with the issue. Deep brain stimulation has been put forward as a potential “cure” for intractable drug addiction.  click here
 The history of neurosurgical treatment for psychiatric disorders suggests that we should be cautious in prematurely advocating invasive neurosurgical procedures on the basis of such limited evidence. Further research is required in people treated for other neurological or psychiatric disorders before trials in addicted populations can be justified. Localized stimulation of the human brain to treat neuropsychiatric disorders has been in place for over 20 years. Although these methods have been used to a greater extent for mood and movement disorders, recent work has explored brain stimulation methods as potential treatments for addiction. The rationale behind stimulation therapy in addiction involves re-establishing normal brain function in target regions in an effort to dampen addictive behaviors. In this review, rationale and studies investigating brain stimulation in addiction including transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation and deep brain stimulation are added. Overall, these studies indicate that brain stimulation has an acute effect on craving for drugs and alcohol, but few studies have investigated the effect of brain stimulation on actual drug and alcohol use or relapse. Stimulation therapies may achieve their effect through direct or indirect modulation of brain regions involved in addiction, either acutely or through plastic changes in neuronal transmission. Our analysis of the literature suggests that the NAc is currently the most promising DBS target area for patients with treatment-refractory addiction. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is another promising target, but needs further exploration to establish its suitability for clinical purposes. We conclude the review with a discussion on translational issues in DBS research, medical ethical considerations and recommendations for clinical trials with DBS in patients with addiction.Keywords : brain stimulation, neuropsychiatric, medial prefrontal cortex, DBS, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). rams.

CATEGORY : Research Topic on Medical Science

SL.No. Detailed information of the published article
 2 TITLE NAME : Opiates Addiction – Is there any Cure 
Author’s Name : Dr. Anil Batta
Article Type : ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE 
Country from : INDIA
Date of Publication:  05-02-2018
Journal Name : Advance Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Discoveries [ ISSN : 2456-1045 ]
Article Identification : Vol. 21.0/
Chapter-II/Page – 05-09 [ JANUARY-2017 ISSUE ]
Article Code : MDS-V21-I1-C2-JAN2018 
Status : Officially published
Publisher : International Journal Foundation  

Download: Full Article (pdf)   

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Abstract : Opiates are some of the world’s oldest known drugs. Derived from the poppy plant, the use of natural opiates dates back to ancient times and there is even archaeological evidence that suggests that the opium poppy may have been used by man over 30,000 years ago. [1]Any drug derived from the poppy plant, whether naturally or synthetically, is a type of opioid. This includes illegal drugs like heroin and regulated drugs like morphine, codeine and oxycodone, which are often used by healthcare professionals for pain management. click here
 Opiates are drugs in the opioid family that are derived directly from the poppy plant and not processed synthetically. There are over 50 known types of opioids, which are often known by their brand name rather than their scientific name. For example, oxycodone is the scientific name for one type of opioid, which is sold under several brands that use oxycodone as the main ingredient, including OxyContin and Percocet. Often prescribed by healthcare professionals to address acute, episodic and chronic pain, opioids can create a powerful psychological addiction that can develop from the use of licit (legal) or illicit (illegal) forms of the drug. Early identification and drug use management is essential.  Use of opiates is the fastest growing substance used throughout the world. Morbidity and mortality related to HIV, hepatitis C, and overdose. Treatment for opiate addiction requires long-term management. Their use in the management of acute severe pain and chronic pain related to advanced medical illness is considered the standard of care in most of the world. In contrast, the long-term administration of an opioid for the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain continues to be controversial. Behavioral interventions alone have extremely poor outcomes, with more than 80% of patients returning to drug use. Similarly poor results are seen with medication assisted detoxification. This article provides a topical review of the three medications approved for long-term treatment of opiate dependence: the opioid agonist methadone, the opioid partial agonist buprenorphine, and the opioid antagonist naltrexoneResults indicate that maintenance medication provides the best opportunity for patients to achieve recovery from opiate addiction. Either methadone or buprenorphine is associated with retention in treatment, reduction in illicit opiate use, decreased craving, and improved social function. Oral naltrexone is ineffective in treating opiate addiction but recent studies using extended release naltrexone injections have shown promise. While no direct comparisons between extended release naltrexone injections and either methadone or buprenorphine exist, indirect comparison of retention shows inferior outcome compared to methadone and buprenorphine. Further work is needed to compare directly each medication and determine individual factors that can assist in medication selection. Until such time, selection of medication should be based on informed choice following a discussion of outcomes, risks, and benefits of each medication.Keywords: Review, opiate, addiction, methadone, buprenorphine, naltrexone, pharmacotherapy

CATEGORY : Research Topic on Medical Science

SL.No. Detailed information of the published article
 3 TITLE NAME : Ki67 index in Breast Cancer : Correlation with other Prognostic Markers in Omani Patients. 
Author’s Name : Dr. Suad Al Kharusi1 * Dr. Bahaaeldin Baraka2, Dr. Bassim Al Bahrani3, Dr. Assam Abdulmonem4
Article Type : ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE 
Country from : OMAN
Date of Publication:  05-02-2018
Journal Name : Advance Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Discoveries [ ISSN : 2456-1045 ]
Article Identification : Vol. 21.0/Chapter-III/Page – 10-12 [ JANUARY-2018 ISSUE ]
Article Code : MDS-V21-I1-C3-JAN2018
Status : Officially published
Publisher : International Journal Foundation
Download: Full Article (pdf)   

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Abstract AIM Our aim was to evaluate the routine use and value of Ki-67 as a prognostic marker, and to analyze the associations between Ki-67 and common histopathological parameters in the routine clinical setting. METHODS:  The data of Omani women diagnosed with breast cancer in our institute from January 2015 to December 2016 was retrospectively collected from the electronic patient’s file, and analyzed using Microsoft Excell Sheet. Data included patient’s demographics, tumor characteristics and Ki-67 values. Cut off of 15% and below was taken as low Ki-67 values. The clinicopathological parameters was correlated with Ki-67 value. To know more details  click here

CATEGORY : Research Topic on Medical Science

SL.No. Detailed information of the published article
4 TITLE NAME : Effectiveness of play therapy in reducing stress among school age children admitted in pediatric wards of BPKIHS 
Author’s Name : Basant Kumar Karn 1, Upendra Yadav2, Ramanand Chaudhary 3
Article Type : ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE 
Country from : NEPAL
Date of Publication:  05-02-2018
Journal Name : Advance Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Discoveries [ ISSN : 2456-1045 ]
Article Identification : Vol. 21.0/
Chapter-IV/Page – 13-16 [ JANUARY-2018 ISSUE ]
Article Code : MDS-V21-I1-C4-JAN2018
Status : Officially published
Publisher : International Journal Foundation  
Download: Full Article (pdf) 

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Abstract : Background: Hospitalization of children, separation from parents and illness itself may contribute to stress. Play Therapy is one of the most important aspects of a child’s life and the most effective tools for managing stress. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of play therapy in reducing stress among school age children admitted in Pediatric wards of B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences.click here
Methods: Pre-experimental (one group pretest posttest design) research design was adopted for this study. A total of 46 children were selected by using total population enumeration sampling technique. Level of stress was assessed using self-developed, semi structured observation checklist and questionnaire pretested research tool.Results: This study showed that during Pretest, 19.50% of the children had mild stress, 58.6% had moderate stress and 21.7% had severe stress. After play therapy, there was noteworthy reduction in percentage of children with stress; severe stress reduced by 8.7% and moderate by 39.1%. The total mean Score before and after play therapy was significantly different (30.17 ± 3.46 Vs. 26.30 ± 5.04, P= <0.001).Conclusion: Play Therapy was an effective method in reducing stress level among hospitalized school aged children.Keywords :Effectiveness, Play therapy, Hospitalization, Paediatric, Children, Stress 

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CATEGORY : Research Topic on Environmental  Science

SL.No. Detailed information of the published article
5 TITLE NAME : Contribution to the optimization of the purification of waste water from the Anaerobic Basins of WWTP Aïn taoujdate (Meknes-Morocco) by the application of Chrosopogon zizanioides.L and of Phragmites Australis
Author’s Name : Dr. BOUHLAL .A 1 * Dr. CHAHLAOUI .A 2
Article Type : ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE 
Country from : MOROCCO
Date of Publication:  10-02-2018
Journal Name : Advance Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Discoveries [ ISSN : 2456-1045 ]
Article Identification : Vol. 21.0/
Chapter-V/Page – 17-23 [ JANUARY-2018 ISSUE ]
Article Code : EVNS-V21-I1-C5-JAN2018 
Status : Officially published
Publisher : International Journal Foundation  
Download: Full Article (pdf) 

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Abstract : The present study is a contribution to the implementation of complementary treatment by the application of plants phytoremédiatrices; Chrosopogon zizanioides.L and Phragmites australis for the improvement of the purification of wastewater from anaerobic basins of the WWTP of Ain taoujdate (Morocco).  click here
 So, the purified water leaking from the aquarium planted after 7 days of stays using the Phragmites australis: 66 mg O2/l BOD5, 81 mg/l TSS and 110 mg O2/l of COD. This assay had an abatement of 80% in BOD5, 75% in TSS and 83% in COD, a low nitrogen assimilation of 3%, an abatement about 55% for phosphorus, 56% for orthophosphate, abatement of 37% Ba, 59% Al, 0% As, 0% Se, 15% Cr, 65% Fe2+ and 25% Mn2+. While at the exit of the aquarium planted by Chrosopogon zizanioides, the measured TSS are of the order of 11mg / l with a reduction of 97%, of 32 mg / l for the BOD5 with a yield of 90 % and 106 mg/l for COD with a yield of 84%, an improvement of nitrogen assimilation of 34%, a reduction of 46% for phosphorus, 44% for orthophosphate, an abatement of 92% Ba, 59% Al, 0% As, 67% Se, 31% Cr, 67% Fe2+ and 70% Mn2+. Therefore, the two aforementioned plants generally show the possibilities of significant abatement of carbon pollution in terms of BOD5, COD and TSS largely respecting the specific limit values of domestic discharge set by the decree n°1607-06 of July 25, 2006. Also, they have a great power of accumulation of trace elements and more particularly favorable for certain metals studied (Ba, Al and Cr) and trace elements (Fe 2+, Mn 2+). Keywords : Chrosopogon zizanioides, Phragmites australis, WWTP,wastewater
 

CATEGORY : Research Topic on Environmental  Science

SL.No. Detailed information of the published article
6 TITLE NAME :Helminth eggs and faecal coliforms in the sewage treatment plant of Aïn taoujdate (Morocco): Interest of lagoon treatment.
Author’s Name : Dr. BOUHLAL .A 1 * Dr. CHAHLAOUI .A 2  GAMAR.A3
Article Type : ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE 
Country from : MOROCCO
Date of Publication:  10-02-2018
Journal Name : Advance Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Discoveries [ ISSN : 2456-1045 ]
Article Identification : Vol. 21.0/
Chapter-VI/Page – 24-29 [ JANUARY-2018 ISSUE ]
Article Code : ENVS-V21-I1-C6-JAN2018 
Status : Officially published
Publisher : International Journal Foundation  
Download: Full Article (pdf) 

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Introduction : In Morocco, the presence of Helminth eggs and faecal coliforms are considered as a limit to the reuse of wastewater because of sanitary risks. So, the overall objective of this study is primary, to evaluate the efficiency of the Ain taoujdate conventional wastewater treatment plant in the elimination of Helminth eggs, their bacterial treatment efficiency, also to seek a total inactivation treatment of the bacteria that are more resistant to the treatments envisaged, so as to ensure correct safety of the purified water and for a possible reuse of these purified water. click here
 Moreover, the results show that raw wastewaters of Aïn taoujdate is heavily loaded in faecal coliform bacteria, which are in the order of 106 to 108 NNP / 100 ml, and rates the reduction are in the order of 3 to 4Ulog. While, the acidification treatment of these purified water with a dose of 15.08 ml of phosphoric acid up to a pH of 2 units allows for a total elimination of the aforementioned bacteria.  In addition and to attenuate the impacts of eutrophication on the environment, a dose of 88 ml of calcium oxide is recommended for the neutralization of this phosphoric acid which is a fertilizer.Also, the concentrations of Helminth eggs in raw wastewater at the entrance to the WWTP recorded during the months (January 2013-2014 and July 2013-2014) are respectively about 06 eggs / l, 11 eggs. 21 eggs / l and 32 eggs / l. While at the exit, we note a complete absence of Helminth eggs. Therefore, the Aïn taoujdate WWTP of the natural lagoon type with a correction of its pH shows its efficiency in the complete elimination of bacteria and parasites (Helminth eggs). The results are conclusive and widely in line with the standards recommended by the World Health Organization and the Moroccan Standards and Standards Committee for water intended for crop irrigation, which recommends a content of no more than one (1) viable egg Nematode per liter and a content less than or equal to 1000 NPP faecal coliforms.Keywords : Helminth eggs, faecal coliforms, wastewater, natural lagoon, WWTP

CATEGORY : Research Topic on Medical Science

SL.No. Detailed information of the published article
7 TITLE NAME : Knowledge and attitude regarding Eye Donation among adults : An Urban and Rural comparison“.
Author’s Name : Dr. Kotrabasappa K.  &   Dr. Sathvik Rai N.
Article Type : ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE 
Country from : INDIA
Date of Publication:  17-02-2018
Journal Name : Advance Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Discoveries [ ISSN : 2456-1045 ]
Article Identification : Vol. 21.0/Chapter-VII/Page – 30-34 [ JANUARY-2018 ISSUE ]
Article Code : MDS-V21-I1-C7-JAN2018
Status : Officially published
Publisher : International Journal Foundation 
Download:   Full Article (pdf)

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Abstract : Introduction: Vision is considered as the most important sense because it allows free interaction with the environment and to enjoy the beauty of life. Blindness is the condition of lacking the visual perception.  Though all the causes of blindness can’t be cured, corneal blindness can be reverted by corneal transplantation, which requires a suitable donor cornea at right time. There is lack of awareness about eye donation among general population, so the practice of eye donation is also lacking.   click here
Objectives: To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding Eye donation among adults.Methodology: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among 200 adults aged 18 years and above; 100 each from urban and rural areas. Data was collected using pre-designed, pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test was done using SPSS v22.0.

Results: Majority (37%) study participants belonged to 18-30 yrs age group, 55.5% were females, 25.5% had completed secondary education, 38% were housewives and 48% belonged to class III socioeconomic status. Majority (77%) of study participants in urban area and 81% in rural area had heard of the term eye donation. Television was found as the major source of information.

Conclusion: There are many myths regarding eye donation among the study population. These need to be dispelled with concerted IEC activities to overcome the eye donation barriers. IEC activities responsibilities need to be entrusted to Dept. of Community Medicine of Medical Colleges across the country.

Key-words: Attitude, Corneal blindness, Eye bank, Eye donation, Knowledge

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